Unit 4: We keep healthy

 

                    UNIT 4. We keep healthy

What is health?

Health can  be defined as the state  of being free of any illnesses or injury.  In few words, health is feeling ok.

We can differentiate 3 different types of health.

    1) Physical: our systems work properly

    2) Mental: We interact correctly with others and ourselves.

    3) Social: We get the social conditions to fullfil our needs.

Healthcare systems.

teract A healthcare system is how the society treats the different problems that citizens can face. In Spain, we can identify three different points.

    1) Primary care: There is a centre where we can go when we don´t feel good or we need check-ups.

    2) Hospital: When we demand a more specific treatment we can go to the hospital.

    3)Emergency services: When we are in a desperate situation, we can call the emergency services. These services provide a quick response in a dangerous situation. We can contact them calling 112.

     Types of diseases/illnesses 

We can classify diseases in two categories:

    1) Infectious: The infectious diseases are caused by a pathogen or germ(infectious agent). The pathogen is going to enter in our body throgh the mouth, nose, blood or food/water. This infectious agent will produce the disease (all the symptons that we are going to suffer due to the infection.

There are 4 different types of pathogens:

    a) Virus: (COVID -19)

    b) Bacteria: (Salmonelosis)

    c) Protozoa: (Toxoplasmosis)

    d) Fungi: (Athlete foot)

2) Non-infectious

Non- infectious diseases can´t be transmitted by proximity. According to the characteristics we can differentiate

a) Ageing:

b) Accidents:

c) Allergies:

d) Cell mutation

e) Diet:

f) Mental health:

Medical advances.

Diagnosis: In this stage, the doctor is going to identify the disease to give the correct treatment. The doctor will check the symptons to associate to the correct disease. They can also use bloodtests or x-ray to be more precise in their diagnosis.

Treatment: Treatments are medical procedures used to prevent, cure or ease the the symptoms. Treatments can vary :

    - Medical procedure or surgery: To eliminate the problem

    - Medicines.

Vaccines: vaccines have 2 different use.

1) To not develop the illness completely. rabies

2) To alleviate the symptons: COVID-19

Healthy habits and good hygiene.

We need to develop healthy habits in our daily life to prevent illnesess. In order to do that there are 3 important areas to cover.

        1) Exercise everyday: Physical activity keep our body fit.

        2) Balance diet: Give our body all the nutrients to have an inmune system strong.

        3) Leisure: In order to keep our mental health, socialize and interact with others.

Also, it is important to have a good hygiene.  Important tips are:

    - Wash your hands and  brush your teeth frequently

    - Wash your food.

    - Cook food well

Drugs: Drugs are substances that are going to alter the functioning of our body. Those substances are addictive and also harm the body.

Some drugs are alcohol or tobacco.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS TO ANSWER.

1. What is health?

2. Types of health.

3. What is a pathogen?

4. Differentiate between infectious and non-infectious illness.

5. What is a vaccine and how it works?

6. What is a drug?

7. Give me 5 tips to be healthy.